マタイ１８謙遜とは
Matthew 18 What is Humility?
マタイ18章 ・ Matthew 18
鍵となる箇所：３－４節
Key Verse vv3-4
概要：謙遜になるとは？子供の様になる、悔い改める、信じる、他人のつまづきにならない、つまづくと立ち直る、他人の弱さ等を裁かない、偏見をもたない、救いは自分の力ではなくイエスがしてくれたことを意識する、罪を軽んじないでちゃんと取り組む、赦されたようにゆるす
Outline: What does it mean to be humble: childlike, repentant, believing, doesn’t cause others to stumble, gets back up when they stumble, doesn’t judge people by their weakness, recognizes that Jesus saved them, handles sin seriously with the goal of restoration, forgives as they were forgiven.
１）１－５節 だれが一番偉いか？
Part one: Verses 1-5 Who is the Greatest
だれでも、自分が自分のストーリーの主人公だと思っている。あなたの人生の物語の主人公はだれでしょう？イエス様がこどもを真ん中に立たせた。考えて行こう。
I think everyone wants to be the hero of their story. One of the sermons I remember most fondly over the last decade asked the question, who is the central character of your story. Jesus puts this child at the center of the story. There are several things to note.
イエス様が中心
Jesus at the center.
新しい人、若い人が中心
The new and youth at the center.
「私」が中心を譲る。リビングでもったセルグループの円に座って学ぶことがスタートラインでした。もう一度そういうスタイルに戻れたらとも思う。
Myself not at the center. My personal journey of growth started in living rooms, gathered in a circle. While not practical in our setting now… Part of me would love to return to a setting where we were in a circle.
２）６－９節 つまづきにならないように
Part two: Verses 6-9 Do not cause to stumble
テーマが変わり、こども＞小さな者。自分からへりくだって信じた人。「一番偉い」との比較で「小さな者」。
The switch to “little ones”… there was one child, now he is talking of those that have humbled themselves and believe, this phrase is opposed to the “greatest”
「つまづきになる」はギリシア語で「スキャンダル化」
These verses talk about a key word: “scandalize”
他人の反応に対する責任はあるでしょうか？
How responsible are we for other’s reaction?
イエス様が強調するために、「アーメン」、繰り返し、大げさに。
Jesus’ use of emphasis through “amen”, repeating and exaggeration
「命に入る」ｖｓ「永遠の火」、「燃えるゲヘナ」。。。ゲヘナとは？
The contrast between “entering into life” and “being cast” into “Eternal fire” and “Fiery Gehenna” … a slight discussion about Gehenna.
３）１０－１４節 小さな者を軽んじないように
Part three: Verses 10-14 Don’t Look Down on these Little Ones
ここも小さな者とはへりくだったもの、弱者の立場に立つ人。一番偉い人との逆。
Again, here little ones can be understood as mean the one who has humbled himself or is of humble circumstance in opposition to one seeking to be “the greatest”.
父なる神の御顔をみる天使はついているので、人を軽んじない
We all have angels before the father. So don’t look down on anyone.
天とは複数形。。。
Heavens is plural throughout these verses. It’s probably best to translate as heavenly. But it is worth noting that there are multiple heavenly realms.
いつも、「ディアパントス＝すべてを通して」？
All the time: “dia pantos.” Through everything…
「イエスが迷ったものを探して救うために来たからである」（ルカ１９：１０からの異形）はテーマに会います。英語では未信者のことをよく「Lost」と言いますが、失った、迷ったなどのそれぞれの意味を考えますか？迷った羊、御心はこの小さな者の一人として「滅びる」ことがない。
Seeking and saving the lost (textual variant is from Luke 19:10) but fits with the theme. With the story of the shepherd we understand that Jesus came looking for us to save us from being lost. It is interesting that we use the word without thinking too much about ways we can be lost in English. There is a big difference between being lost as in missing or out of reach (失う) and being lost as in losing one’s way (迷う). The word used here is also used in other contexts to refer to having been deceived or having lost one’s way. However, the final verse speaks specifically the Father’s desire is that none of these should be lost as in perish using the word from the textual variant.
４）１５－２０節 罪を犯す兄弟、縛ることや解くこと
Part four: verses 15-20 A brother that sins [against you] and Binding and Loosing
「あなたに対して」
The words “against you”
教会という言葉が出てくるけれども？
The use of “church” as a nod to the future but note these are the words of Jesus...
除名？異邦人や取税人のように扱うとはどういうこと？１）隣人愛を持って接する ２）救われるためにする ３）兄弟扱いではなくなる ４）異邦人とは外国人や見知らぬ人。イエス様が外国人をどのように扱っていた？ ５）取税人は当時の国民の裏切り者。イエス様は取税人をどのように扱っていた？
The idea of excommunication? what does it mean to treat like a Gentile or tax collector. (1) we continue to love our neighbor (2) we continue to try to win them back (3) we don’t treat them as a brother… (4) The word for Gentile here kind of means, foreigner, stranger… How did Jesus treat foreigners? (5) Tax collectors were viewed as the betrayers of the country. How did Jesus treat the tax collectors?
縛ること、解くこと。罪にあった兄弟を考えると？霊的な戦い？文脈は赦しや人の扱い。その中での二人、三人の同意して祈る。捕らえた人が自由になることを祈ろう。私達の集まりが開放の場所となるように。
Next binding and loosing… as related to the brother in sin. Some people take this verse in the context of spiritual warfare. I think that’s possible but the context here is about forgiveness and handling of people… in this context, what two or three agree about anything… let us agree for loosing of captives… let our gathering be a gathering that is for loosing bondage.
同意とは「シンフォニー」
Our agreement is a “symphony”
５）２１－３５節 赦された人は赦すべき
Part five: verses 21-35 The Forgiven must Forgive
７０ｘ７回か、７７回、どちらにしても大きな数字を象徴している
Forgiving seventy times seventy or seventy seven times … either way it’s just a representative for a large number.
１万タレントンと１００デナリっていくら？１デナリウスは一日分の給料。あなたは他人のせいに１００日分の仕事が消えたことある？それに比べてイエス様が赦してくれていることは。。。１タレントンは約６千デナリウス、約２０～３０年分の給料。その１万分。当時では銀貨の３０万キロ。今日、３０万キロの銀は約２７億円？どれだけ赦されているのでしょうか
The story involves talents which are vast sums of money on the one hand and denarii on the other… We are supposed to recognize that anything a person can do to us might feel like denarii (whole days of labour lost)… but what we’ve been forgiven is more like 10,000 talents (one talent is 6,000 denarii or 20 to 30 years of labor) or 300,000 kg of silver (Silver price per kilo 89,695.78 = about 9man yen) about 27oku en? Have we had years of our lives taken by people? How much more has Jesus forgiven…
赦すって、付き合う必要あるの？エペソ5:3-7。。。いいえ
Do I need to continue to partner with people I forgive? Ephesians 5:3-7 says no
まとめ Summary
一番偉いのではなく、一番へりくだる人。その意味はつまづきにならず、自分もつまづくことをさける。どなたでも尊重する。イエス様が私達を探し出して救ってくれたので誇ることはない。兄弟の罪と向き合うのは、プライバシーも気をつけて、立ち直ることができることを目標に。人が自由になることを祈りの「シンフォニー」になるように。ゆるされたからゆるそう。
Not the greatest but the most humble… That means do not cause others to stumble and avoid stumbling ourselves. Treat all people with respect. We were sought and saved not on our own so we have nothing to boast of. While we confront sin in a careful way in private, our goal is restitution. We should gather together to pray and agree about freeing people in “symphony.” Forgive swiftly because of how much we’ve been forgiven.
応答 Response
今週、へりくだることについて思い巡らし、どのように成長できるかを考えて祈りましょう。
Let us consider this week what humility is and what it means to us while praying about how we can grow.
